Shuiliang Yao
Professor of Environmental Science and Engineering
1000 Talent Plan Expert, Zhejiang Province (2012)
Education
1) Depart. Chem. Biotech., the University of Tokyo, Japan, Ph.D., 1998 2) Depart. Chem. Eng., the University of Tokyo, Japan, M. Eng., 1995 3) Depart. Chem. Eng., Nanjing University of Chemical Technology, China, B. Eng., 1984
Selected Appointments
1) 2011-Current: Professor, School of Environmental Science and Engineering
Zhejiang Gongshang University
2) 2009-2011: Leader, Applied Plasma Laboratory, ACR Co., Ltd., Japan
3) 2002-2009: Senior researcher and team leader, Chemical Research Group, RITE, Japan
4) 2003-2006: Professor, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,
Tianjin University, China
5) 2001-2003: NEDO fellow, NEDO, Japan
6) 1998~2000: Researcher, Laboratory of Catalysis Science, RITE, Japan
Scientific & Professional Memberships
1) Senior member, Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China
2) Senior member, Chinese Society for Environmental Science
3) Senior member, the American Institute of Chemical Engineers
4) Member, the Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan
5) Member, the Japan Society of Applied Physics
Research Interests
Gas pollution controls using plasma chemistry and catalysis.
Publications
Plasma basics, diagnostics and measurements
1) Y. Torimoto, S. Yao, A. Harano, M. Sadakata, "Formation of a DC Glow Discharge at Atmospheric Pressure Using a Solid Electrolyte," Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 30 (1), 159 (1997). 2) S. Yao, M. Okumoto, T. Yashima, E. Suzuki, "Diagnostics of a Pulsed Plasma Discharge," Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Applied Physics, ed. A. Mendez-Vilas, Elsevier, Vol. 138, 313-317 (2005). 3) S. Yao, Y. Fujioka, "A Single Channel Discharge Reactor for the Diagnosis of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactors," 2007 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference,
Digests of Technical Papers 1976-2007, pp618-621. IEEE Catalog Number: 07CH37864C, ISBN: 1-4244-0914-4. 4) S. Yao, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, K. Madokoro, C. Fushimi "Influence of Pulse Voltage Waveforms on Ozone Generation," The Institution of Engineering and Technology Pulsed Power Symposium 2007, pp 81-88, the Institution of Engineering and Technology, London, ISBN 9780863418327, ISSN 0537 - 9989 Reference PES07/872. 5) C. Fushimi, K. Madokoro, S. Yao, Y. Fujioka, K. Yamada, "Influence of Polarity and Rise Time of Pulse Voltage Waveforms on Diesel Particulate Matter Removal Using an Uneven Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor," Plasma Chem. Plasma Process., 28 (4), 511-522 (2008). 6) S. Yao, S. Yamamoto, S. Kodama, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, "Characterization of Catalyst-Supported Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor", The Open Catalysis Journal, 2, 79-85 (2009). 7) S. Yao, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, "Observation of Particulate Matter Combustion in a Pulsed Discharge Duration," Journal of Plasma and Fusion Research Series, 8, 1467-1470 (2009).
Plasma PM oxidation
8) S. Yao, E. Suzuki, A. Nakayama, "Oxidations of Activated Carbon and Methane Using a High-Frequency Pulsed Plasma," Journal of Hazardous Materials, 83(3), 237-242 (2001). 9) S. Yao, M. Okumoto, J. Shimogami, K. Madokoro, T. Yashima, E. Suzuki, "Diesel Particulate Matter and NOx Removals Using a Pulsed Corona Surface Discharge," AIChE J., 50, 715-721 (2004). 10) S. Yao, M. Okumoto, K. Madokoro, T. Yashima, E. Suzuki, "Pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor for Diesel Particulate Matter Removal," AIChE J., 50 (8), 1901-1907(2004). 11) S. Yao, K. Madokoro, C. Fushimi, K. Yamada, "Diesel Particulate Matter Removal Using DBD Pulsed Plasma," New Vistas in Dusty Plasmas: Fourth International Conference on the Physics of Dusty Plasmas, ed. L. Boufendi, M. Mikikian, and P.K. Shukla, American Institute of Physics, 209-212(2005). 12) M. Okumoto, S. Yao, K. Madokoro E. Suzuki, T. Yashima, "A Novel High-Voltage Power Generator for Diesel Exhaust Gas Treatment," Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Applied Physics, ed. A. Mendez-Vilas, Elsevier, Vol. 138, 291-295 (2005). 13) S. Yao, C. Fushimi, K. Madokoro, K. Yamada, "Uneven Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactors for Diesel Particulate Matter Removal," Plasma Chem. Plasma Process., 26, 481-493(2006). 14) C. Fushimi, K. Madokoro, S. Yao, K. Yamada, "Evaluation of an Uneven Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor for Particulate Matter Removal from Diesel
Engine," Proceedings of 11th Asian Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering (APPChE), Paper ID 35, 2006. 15) C. Fushimi, K. Madokoro, S. Yao, Y. Fujioka, K. Yamada, "Effect of the Number of Layers of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor on Diesel Particulate Matter Removal and Pressure Drop," AIChE Annual Meeting, Paper No. P59558, 2006. 16) S. Yao, K. Madokoro, C. Fushimi, Y. Fujioka, "Experimental Investigation on Diesel PM Removal Using Uneven DBD Reactors," AIChE J., 53 (7), 1891-1897 (2007). 17) S. Yao, C. Fushimi, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, K. Madokoro, Y.H. Kim, K. Naito, "A New Uneven Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor for Removal of Diesel Particulate Matter," 2007 AIChE Annual Meeting, Paper ID P99866, 2007. 18) K. Suzuki, N. Takeuti, K. Madokoro, C. Fushimi, S. Yao, Y. Fujioka, Y. Nihei, "Removal Properties of Diesel Exhaust Particles by a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor," Anal. Sci., 24(2), 253-256 (2008). 19) S. Yao, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, C. Fushimi, "Application of a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor for Diesel PM Removal," in Electrostatic Precipitation, ed. Keping Yan, Zhejiang University Press, pp677-680, 2008, ISBN 978-7-308-06291-6. 20) S. Yao, C. Fushimi, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, K. Madokoro, K. Naito, Y.H. Kim, "Development of DBD reactors for Diesel PM Removal," Proceedings of The 25th Symposium on Plasma Processing (SPP-25), pp233-234 (2008). 21) S. Kodama, S. Yao, S. Yamamoto, C. Fushimi, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, K. Madokoro, K. Naito, Y.H. Kim, "A Basic Study of Diesel PM Removal in Plasma Discharges," Proceedings of The 25th Symposium on Plasma Processing (SPP-25), pp235-236 (2008). 22) S. Yamamoto, S. Yao, S. Kodama, C. Fushimi, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, K. Madokoro, K. Naito, Y.H. Kim, "Diesel PM Removal Using Pulsed Plasmas: Influence of Reaction Conditions," Proceedings of The 25th Symposium on Plasma Processing (SPP-25), pp237-238 (2008). 23) S. Yamamoto, S. Yao, S. Kodama, C. Fushimi, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, K. Madokoro, K. Naito, Y.H. Kim, "Pulsed Plasma PM Removal from Diesel Exhaust Emissions: Influences of Reaction Conditions," 12th APCChE Congress, Vol 2-058 (2008). 24) S. Kodama, S. Yao, S. Yamamoto, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, "Mechanism of Diesel PM Removal in Plasma Discharges," 12th APCChE Congress, Vol 2-056 (2008). 25) S. Yao, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, C. Fushimi, K. Madokoro, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, "Basic Geometry of DBD Reactors for Diesel PM Removal," 12th APCChE Congress,Vol 2-298 (2008).
26) S. Yao, S. Yamamoto, S. Kodama, C. Mine, C. Fushimi, Y. Fujioka, K. Naito, K. Madokoro, Y.H. Kim, S. Soma, T. Nakajima, G. Sugiyama, "An Innovative After-Treatment System for Diesel PM Removal," THEME 2008, ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE REDUCTION OF CO2 EMISSIONS, Edited by: A.Murat Y.ld.r.m, Irmak Ko.kan, pp448-454( 2008). 27) K. Madokoro, Y.H. Kim, K. Naito, T. Ogawa, H. Fujikawa, K. Hasegawa, H. Tanaka, S. Yamamoto, S. Kodama, C. Mine, S. Yao, Y. Fujioka, S. Soma, T. Nakajima, G. Sugiyama, "PM Removal System for Diesel Passenger Vehicle Using Non-thermal Plasma," THEME 2008, ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE REDUCTION OF CO2 EMISSIONS, Edited by: A.Murat Y.ld.r.m, Irmak Ko.kan, pp455-461 (2008). 28) N. Inokai, N. Simazaiki, M. Hosoya, A.Obuchi, Y. Tanaka, S. Yao, "General Evaluation of the Combination of Diesel Emission After-Treatment Technologies Using a Total Simulation System," Journal of Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, No. 88-09, 7-12, 2009. 29) Y.H. Kim, K. Naito, K. Madokoro, T. Ogawa, H. Fujikawa, K. Hasegawa, H. Tanaka, S. Yao, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, "Non-Thermal Plasma PM Removal System for Diesel Passenger Vehicles, Comprehensive Technological Development of Innovative, Next-Generation, Low-Pollution Vehicles," Journal of Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, No. 89-09, 21-24, 2009. 30) S. Yao, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, C. Fushimi, K. Madokoro, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, "Characterization of an Uneven DBD Reactor for Diesel PM Removal," Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, in press. 31) Shin Yamamoto, Shuiliang Yao, Satoshi Kodama, Chihiro Fushimi, Chieko Mine, Yuichi Fujioka, Kazuhiko Madokoro, Kazuya Naito and Yoon-Ho Kim, "Pulsed plasma PM removal from diesel exhaust emissions. Influences of reaction conditions," Electrochemistry, 77(12), 1013-1017 (2009). 32) S. Yao, C. Fushimi, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, K. Madokoro, K. Naito, Y.-H. Kim, "On the Scale-Up of Uneven DBD Reactor on Removal of Diesel Particulate Matter," International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering, 7, A76 (2009). 33) X. Tang, H. Lu, L. Lin, S. Yao, "Experimental Investigation of Plasma Oxidization of Diesel Particulate Matter," Plasma Chem. Plasma Process. (2013) 33:281–292.
Plasma PM oxidation mechanism
34) S. Yao, C. Mine, C. Fushimi, K. Madokoro, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, Y. Fujioka, Y.-H. Kim, K. Naito, H. Fujikawa, T. Ogawa, I. Tan, K. Hasegawa, H. Tanaka, "Basic Study of PM Oxidation Promoted by O3 and NO2," Transactions of Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, 39 (2), 387-392 (2008).
35) S. Yamamoto, S. Yao, S. Kodama, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, "Effects of O3 and NO2 on Catalytic Oxidation of Diesel PM," Chem. Lett., 37(9), 998-999(2008). 36) S. Yao, C. Mine, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, Y. Fujioka, "Experimental investigation of carbon oxidization," Chem. Lett., 38(2), 168-169 (2009). 37) S. Yamamoto, S. Yao, S. Kodama, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, "Experimental Study of SOF Oxidation Catalysts under Plasma Discharge Condition," Chem. Lett., 38 (6), 6 598-599 (2009). 38) S. Kodama, S. Yao, S. Yamamoto, C. Mine, Y. Fujioka, "Oxidization Mechanism of Diesel Particulate Matter in Plasma Discharges," Chemistry Letter, 38, 50-51 (2009).
Plasma VOC removal
39) B. Lu, X. Zhang, X. Yu, T. Feng, S. Yao, "Catalytic Oxidation of Benzene Using DBD Corona Discharges," Journal of Hazardous Materials, 137(1), 633-637 (2006). 40) B. Lu, M. Ji, X. Yu, T. Feng, S. Yao, "Benzene Decomposition Using Barrier Discharges and Catalysis," Chinese Environ. Sci., 26(6), 703-707(2006). 41) S. Yao, X. Zhang, and B. Lu, "Influence of Plasma Reactor Structure on Methanol Oxidation," AIChE J. 51(5), 1558-1564(2005).
Plasma methane conversion
42) S. Yao, T. Takemoto, F. Ouyang, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, A. Mizuno, M. Okumoto, "Selective Oxidation of Methane Using a Non-Thermal Pulsed Plasma," Energy Fuels, 14 (2), 459-463 (2000). 43) S. Yao, F. Ouyang, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, M. Okumoto, A. Mizuno, "Influences of Frequency on Methane Selective Oxidation in a Pulsed Plasma," J. Inst. Electrostatic Japn., 24, 163-164 (2000). 44) S. Yao, F. Ouyang, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, M. Okumoto, A. Mizuno, "Oxidative Coupling and Reforming of Methane with Carbon Dioxide Using a High Frequency Pulsed Plasma," Energy Fuels, 14 (4), 910-914 (2000). 45) S. Yao, F. Ouyang, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, M. Okumoto, A. Mizuno, "Oxidative Coupling and Reforming of Methane with Carbon Dioxide Using a High Frequency Pulsed Plasma," 1st International Conference on Gas Processing (AIChE Spring National Meeting), pp27-35, 2000. 46) S. Yao, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, M. Okumoto, A. Mizuno, "Influence of Pulse Frequency on Oxidative Coupling and Reforming of Methane with Carbon Dioxide," Kagaku Kougaku Ronnbunnsyu, 26 (5), 731-733 (2000). 47) S. Yao, F. Ouyang, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, "Application of a Pulse Discharge in Partial Oxidation of Methane," Transaction of the Material Research Society of Japan, 25 (1), 373-376 (2000). 48) S. Yao, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, "An Eco-Friendly Process for Acetylene Production," Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies: Proceedings of the 5th
International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, ed. R.A. Durie, P. McMullan, C.A.J. Paulson, A.Y. Smith, D.J. Williams , CSIRO Publishing, pp777-781, 2001, ISBN-10: 0643066721, ISBN-13: 978-0643066724. 49) T. Takemoto, K. Tabata, Y. Teng, S. Yao, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, "Optimization of C1-Oxygenates for the Selective Oxidation of Methane in a Gas-Phase Reaction of CH4-O2-NO at Atmospheric Pressure," Energy Fuels, 15, 44-51 (2001). 50) S. Yao, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, "Methane Conversion Using a High-Frequency Pulsed Plasma: Discharge Features," AIChE J., 47 (2), 419-426 (2001). 51) S. Yao, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, "Methane conversion using a high-frequency pulsed plasma: Important Factors," AIChE J., 47 (2), 413-418 (2001). 52) S. Yao, E. Suzuki, A. Nakayama, "The Pyrolysis Property of a Pulsed Plasma of Methane," Plasma Chem. Plasma Process., 21 (4), 651-663 (2001). 53) S. Yao, E. Suzuki, A. Nakayama, "A Novel pulsed plasma for Chemical Conversion," Thin Solid Films, 390, 165-169 (2001). 54) S. Yao, M. Okumoto, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, "Plasma Reforming and Coupling of Methane with Carbon Dioxide," Energy Fuels, 15 (5), 1295-1299 (2001). 55) S. Yao, E. Suzuki, N. Meng, A. Nakayama, "Influence of Rise Time of Pulse Voltage on the Pulsed Plasma Conversion of Methane," Energy Fuels, 15 (5), 1300-1303 (2001). 56) S. Yao, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, "Acetylene and Hydrogen from Pulsed Plasma Conversion of Methane," Catal. Today, 71 (1-2), 219-223 (2001). 57) S. Yao, E. Suzuki, Ning Meng, and A. Nakayama, "A High-Efficiency Reactor for the Pulsed Plasma Conversion of Methane," Plasma Chem. Plasma Process., 22 (2), 225-237 (2002). 58) M. Okumoto, S. Yao, A. Nakayama, E. Suzuki, "Evaluation of a High-Energy Transform Efficiency Pulse Power Supply for Methane Plasma Conversion," Special Issue of ACS Symposium Series, 852, Utilization of Greenhouse Gases, ed. C. J. Liu, R. M. Mallinson, and M. Aresta, Chapter 21, 314-324 (2003). 59) S. Yao, M. Okumoto, K. Madokoro, J. Shimogami, E. Suzuki, T. Yashima, "Plasma Conversion of Methane and CO2 Using a Tubular Circle-to-Plate Reactor," Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 36 (4), 435-440 (2003). 60) Q. Zhang, D. He, X. Zhang, Q. Zhu, S. Yao, "Direct Partial Oxidation of Methane to Methanol in a Specially Designed Reactor," Special Issue of ACS Symposium Series, 852, Utilization of Greenhouse Gases, ed. C. J. Liu, R. M. Mallinson, and M. Aresta, Chapter 18, 280-290 (2003).
Catalysis
61) S. Yao, O. Feng, S. Shimumora, H. Sakurai, K. Tabata, E. Suzuki, "A Kinetic Study of Methanol Oxidation over SiO2," Applied Catalysis A: General 198, 43-50 (1999). 62) F. Ouyang, S. Yao, "Infrared Study of ZrO2 Surface Sites Using Adsorbed Probe Molecules. 2. Dimethyl Ether Adsorption," The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 104 (47), 11253 –11257 (2000). 63) F. Ouyang, S. Yao, K. Tabata, E. Suzuki, "Infrared Identification of Reaction Route from Adsorbed Specie from Adsorption of Methanol on SnO2," Appl. Surf. Sci., 158, 28-31 (2000). 64) F. Ouyang, S. Yao, K. Tabata, E. Suzuki, "Measurement of Relative CO Vibration Absorption Coefficients of Terminal and Bridged Methoxy Species on ZrO2," Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, 12th International Conference, Tokyo, ed. Koichi Itoh and Mitsuo Tasumi, pp369-370 (1999).
NOx Removal
65) E. Suzuki, K. Okochi, S. Yao, H. Nishimura, "Elimination of Nitrogen Dioxide from Room Air Using Cellulose Treated With Sulfuric Acid," Kagaku Kogaku Ronbunshu, 19 (3), 470 (1993). 66) E. Suzuki, S. Yao, "Reduction of NO2 to NO by Acid-Treated Activated Carbon," Society of Environmental Science, 7 (2), 90 (1994).
Bio-technology
67) Y. Yamamoto, H. Nagahori, S. Yao, S. Zhang, E. Suzuki, "Hollow Fiber Reactor for Continuous Flow Cell-Free Protein Production," Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 29 (6), 1047 (1996). 68) S. Yao, X. Shen, E. Suzuki, "Biochemical Energy Consumption by Wheat Germ Extract during Cell-Free Protein Synthesis," Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, 84, 7 (1997). 69) S. Yao, X. Shen, S. Terada, E. Suzuki, "A Novel Method of High Yield Cell-Free Protein Synthesis," Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, 84, 547 (1997). 70) X. Shen, S. Yao, S. Terada, T. Nagamune, E. Suzuki, "Protein Productivity of Cell-Free Translation was Improved by Removing Phosphatase from Wheat Germ Extract with Immunoprecipitation," Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2, 23 (1998). 71) S. Yao, X. Shen, S. Terada, T. Nagamune, E. Suzuki, "A New Method for Measuring ATP Regeneration Rate by Using a pH Meter," Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, 87 (2), 238 (1999). 72) X. Shen, S. Yao, H. Fukano, S. Terada, A. Kitayama, T. Nagamune, E. Suzuki, "Poly[G] Improved Protein Productivity of Cell-Free Translation by Inhibiting mRNAse in Wheat Germ Extract," Journal of Biotechnology, 75, 221 (1999).
73) Y. Yamamoto, S. Sugimoto, X. Shen, T. Nagamune, S. Yao, E. Suzuki, "Effective in-Place Concentration for Cell-Free Protein Synthesis Using Hollow Fiber Membrane Reactor," Biochemical Engineering Journal, 3 (2), 151 (1999). 74) X. Shen, S. Yao, H. Fukano, A. Kitayama, E. Suzuki, T. Nagamune, "P/C Extracted rRNA Highly Reinforced Cell-Free Translation Activity of Wheat Germ," Proceedings of YABEC’ 99 Symposium, Pusan, Korea, 130-132 (1999). 75) X. Shen, S. Yao, H. Fukano, A. Kitayama, T. Nagamune, E. Suzuki, "Ribosomal RNA Supplementation Highly Reinforced Cell-Free Translation Activity of Wheat Germ," Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, 89 (1), 68 (2000). 76) S. Yao, X. Shen, S. Terada, E. Suzuki, "Reactivation of Ceased Cell-Free Protein Synthesis," Biochemical Engineering: Marching Toward the Century of Biotechnology, Proceedings of APBIOCHEC '97, 2, 806-809 (1997) (ed. Z. Y. Shen, F. Ouyang, and J. T. Yu, Tsinghua university press, Beijing, ISBN 7-302-02700-5). 77) E. Suzuki, S. Yao, "Improvement of Continuous Flow Cell-Free Protein Production by Using Hollow Fiber Reactor," Biochemical Engineering: Marching Toward the Century of Biotechnology Proceedings of APBIOCHEC '97, 2, 810-813 (1997) (ed. Z. Y. Shen, F. Ouyang, and J. T. Yu, Tsinghua university press, Beijing, ISBN 7-302-02700-5).
Review papers
78) E. Suzuki, S. Yao, A. Nakayama, "Development of a High-Frequency Pulsed Plasma for Methane Conversion," Eco-Industry, 5, 19-24 (2000). 79) S. Yao, E. Suzuki, A. Nakayama, "Technologies for Methane Conversion," J. Inst. Electrostatic Jpn., 25 (6), 306-310 (2001). 80) S. Yao, "Plasma removal of PM from diesel exhaust gases," Electrical Review,91 (5), 62-63(2006). 81) S. Yao, "Plasma reactors for diesel particulate matter removal," Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering, 2 (1), 67-75 (2009). 82) K. Naito, Y.-H. Kim, K. Madokoro, T. Ogawa, H. Fujikawa, K. Hasegawa, H. Tanaka, S. Kodama, S. Yamamoto, S. Yao, Y. Fujioka, Diesel PM after-treatment technology using a non-thermal plasma, Engine Technology Review, 1 (6), 24-31 (2010).
Contact information
Professor Shuiliang Yao
School of Environmental Science and Engineering
Zhejiang Gongshang University
Add: Jiaogong Road 198, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
Tel: +86-571-88212169 E-mail: yaosl@zjsu.edu.cn
Revision: March 2013
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